Kendama, while being a traditional Japanese toy, has gained worldwide recognition as both a sport and entertainment form in recent years. Despite its simple structure, it offers deep and engaging techniques that can be enjoyed by both children and adults alike.
In this article, we’ll provide a detailed explanation of Kendama’s history, basic techniques, and playing methods. We’ll also introduce tips that beginners can start using right away and ideas to make it more enjoyable.
What is Kendama? Its Appeal and Basic Information
Kendama is a traditional Japanese toy that offers deep enjoyment despite its simple design. By understanding its history and structure, you can better appreciate Kendama’s appeal. Here, we’ll explain in detail about Kendama’s origins, basic structure, and why it’s loved worldwide.
Origins and History of Kendama
While there are various theories about Kendama’s origins, records show it was played in 16th century France as “bilboquet” before being introduced to Japan during the Edo period. The oldest Japanese record dates back to around 1777, where it was known as “kendama” (拳玉).
The basic structure of modern Kendama was established during the Taisho era when Hamaji Egusa from Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture, developed it as “Sun and Moon Ball” in 1918, which became the foundation for today’s design. Subsequently, Hatsukaichi City in Hiroshima Prefecture developed as a major Kendama production center, and the establishment of the Japan Kendama Association in 1975 triggered nationwide popularization. In recent years, it has evolved as a sports and performance tool, with competitions being actively held.
Reference: History of Kendama
Basic Structure and Features of Kendama
Kendama consists of the following parts:
Ken (Sword)
This is the handle part, featuring the “ken-tip” at the end, the “big cup” and “small cup” on the sides (saradou), and the “middle cup” in the lower center.
Tama (Ball)
This is the ball attached to the ken with a hole, often featuring a non-slip surface treatment.
Most advanced players create a double knot 2-3cm from the ball’s hole to prevent the bead securing the string from coming out of the ball’s hole and getting caught between the ken and tama.
String
This connects the ken and tama, ensuring the ball doesn’t get lost even if dropped.
A length of 38-40cm is considered optimal for performing tricks. A good way to measure 38cm is when you can fit two fingers between the string and the bottom of the middle cup when the tama is inserted into the ken.
This simple structure enables a wide variety of techniques and playing styles. Kendama is excellent for developing concentration and balance, making it enjoyable for both children and adults.
Why Kendama is Loved Worldwide and Its Appeal
Furthermore, Kendama has gained attention as a sports and performance tool, fostering an international community through world championships and events. For example, the “Kendama World Cup Hatsukaichi” is held annually in Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture, attracting players from around the world.
The fusion of traditional Japanese culture and modern entertainment value has helped Kendama transcend borders and become enjoyed by people worldwide.
Basic Ways to Play Kendama
While Kendama appears to be a simple toy, anyone can enjoy it by mastering the basics. Here, we’ll explain in detail the rules for beginners, basic grip techniques, and tips for improving success rates.
Basic Rules and Practice Methods for Beginners
Kendama is a game where you catch the ball (tama) with the sword (ken) and compete through specific tricks for points or evaluation. Here are the basic practice methods and mindset that beginners should know.
Practice Basic Tricks in Order
For beginners, start by practicing basic tricks like “big cup,” “small cup,” and “middle cup” in sequence. Starting with simple tricks makes it easier to develop a feel for the game.
Be Conscious of Knee Movement
Kendama tricks require not just wrist and arm movements but also smooth knee movements. Success rates improve when you imagine lifting the ball using your whole body with your knees.
Keep Trying Repeatedly
Repetition is crucial in Kendama. Don’t get discouraged if you don’t succeed on your first or second try – keep practicing. Remember that improvement comes through repeated attempts and failures.
Play Safely
Since Kendama is made of wood and is hard, it’s important to be mindful of surrounding people and objects. Especially when playing with young children, maintain safety rules like not throwing or swinging the Kendama around.
Keeping these points in mind while practicing will help improve your Kendama skills. While respecting the basics, feel free to explore and enjoy Kendama’s appeal through creative approaches.
Tips for Holding Kendama and Proper Posture
Proper grip and posture are essential for improving success rates with Kendama. While there are various ways to hold a Kendama, beginners should start with the following methods.
Big Cup Grip
Hold the base of the ken between your thumb and index finger with the big cup facing up. Support the small cup with your middle and ring fingers. This grip is used for tricks involving landing the ball on the big or small cups.
Ken Grip
Hold the bottom of the ken’s cup body with the spike pointing upward. This grip is used for tricks like “spike” and “airplane.” It’s important to maintain a relaxed grip without squeezing too tightly.
Maintaining proper posture during practice is also key to improving success rates. Keep these points in mind:
Foot Position
Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, with the foot on your dominant side slightly forward. This helps maintain a stable center of gravity.
Center of Gravity and Knee Usage
Keep your weight slightly forward on your toes and knees slightly bent. When performing tricks, use your knees’ up and down movement to lift the ball with your whole body for better success rates.
Upper Body Posture
Keep your shoulders relaxed and maintain good posture with a straight back. Position the hand holding the Kendama around your navel area.
Focusing on these points will help improve your Kendama skills. Remember to value the basics and practice consistently.
Recommended Kendama Tricks from Beginner to Advanced
Kendama features a wide variety of tricks, from basic ones that beginners can try to advanced spectacular tricks for skilled players. Mastering each trick helps expand your enjoyment of Kendama and lets you feel your own growth.
Here, we’ll introduce recommended tricks for different skill levels, from beginner to advanced.
3 Recommended Tricks for Beginners
For beginners, the following basic tricks are recommended. These form the foundation for advancing to the next level and help develop a feel for Kendama.
Big Cup
This trick involves swinging up the ball and landing it in the big cup. With its large size and stability, this trick is achievable for beginners. Success rates improve when you imagine lifting the ball straight up using your knees and whole body.
Small Cup
This trick involves landing the ball in the smaller cup, making it slightly more challenging than the big cup. Success comes from carefully observing the ball’s trajectory and making fine adjustments using your knees. It’s best to attempt this after becoming proficient with the big cup.
Spike
This trick involves catching the ball’s hole on the ken’s spike. It requires lifting the ball straight up and carefully aiming for the spike. While beginners might find it challenging, the sense of achievement upon success is significant. Using your knees to lift the ball is key.
Mastering these basic tricks builds the foundation for Kendama and prepares you for more advanced techniques. Remember to practice consistently.
2 Challenge Tricks for Intermediate Players
Intermediate players should try tricks that combine basic techniques with balance and timing.
Lighthouse
This trick involves holding the ball and lifting the ken straight up to balance the middle cup on top of the ball. It requires balance and precise movements. Using your knees as a cushion to stabilize the ken is key to success.
Bird
This trick involves balancing the ball between the edge of the big cup and the spike. While it requires practice, it’s an impressive trick when successful. Understanding the optimal angle for ball placement is crucial for this balance-focused trick.
These tricks help improve balance sense and timing precision. Continue practicing to enhance your skills.
Spectacular Tricks for Advanced Players: Airplane and Lunar Landing
For advanced players, we recommend tricks that require sophisticated balance and concentration.
Airplane
This trick involves holding the ball and rotating the ken half a turn before catching the ball’s hole on the spike. Timing and precision are crucial, requiring smooth movement.
Lunar Landing
This trick involves balancing the big cup on top of the ball. It requires precise control of the ball’s movement and is more challenging than it appears.
Practicing these tricks allows you to experience Kendama’s depth further. Beginners should start with basic tricks, while intermediate and advanced players can challenge themselves with more complex tricks, developing their skills at their own pace.
Various Ways to Play with Kendama
Kendama can be enjoyed both alone and with others. Through practice, competition, and events, there are many ways to utilize Kendama for entertainment.
Here, we’ll introduce ways to enjoy Kendama, from solo practice to team competitions and events.
Solo Practice Methods and Goal Setting
Kendama is a toy that allows you to feel improvement through focused individual practice. Here are ways to enjoy practicing while improving your skills.
Step-up Practice Method
Start with basic tricks (like big cup and small cup) and gradually challenge more difficult tricks to steadily improve your skills.
Set Goals
Setting specific goals like “landing the big cup 10 times in a row” or “mastering the spike within a week” can increase motivation.
Utilize Video
Recording and reviewing your Kendama play helps identify successful points and areas for improvement.
While Kendama is excellent for developing concentration, maintaining a relaxed rhythm during practice helps make it an enjoyable, ongoing activity.
Ways to Play with Friends and Family
Kendama becomes even more exciting when competing with others. Try these playing methods:
Compete on Success Rate
Compete to see who can successfully complete specific tricks like big cup or spike the most times. Choosing simple tricks makes it enjoyable for beginners too.
Mission-style Challenges
Create missions like “successfully complete three tricks in a row” or “land an airplane,” and compete based on the number of successful completions.
Relay-style Kendama Play
Compete in relay format with multiple people, timing how long it takes for everyone to complete their tricks. This builds team unity through cooperation.
These playing styles help develop not only Kendama skills but also deepen friendships and cooperation.
Ways to Enjoy Team Competitions and Events
Kendama can be utilized for team competitions and event activities.
Try these methods that everyone can enjoy:
Team Competitions
Split into two or more teams and compete based on the number of successful tricks or completed missions. To add excitement, you can set up “special tricks” where team leaders can double the points.
Kendama Tournament
Hold tournament-style matches for individuals or teams to compete for championship. Including time for showcasing spectacular tricks can make it more entertaining for spectators.
Kendama Showcase
During events, including a show time where advanced players demonstrate tricks can be effective. Seeing performances can spark interest in beginners and raise motivation among all participants.
Kendama is a deeply engaging toy that can be enjoyed in various situations, from solo practice to large group events. The possibilities for play variations are endless, so find ways that suit you best.
How to Choose and Maintain Your Kendama
Kendamas come in various types, from beginner to advanced models. Choosing the right Kendama for your skill level and purpose is the first step to enjoyment. Proper maintenance will also help you enjoy your Kendama for a long time.
Here, we’ll explain how to choose and maintain your Kendama.
How to Choose a Kendama for Beginners
When choosing your first Kendama, consider the following points:
Choose an Officially Certified Kendama
Kendamas certified by the Japan Kendama Association are quality-guaranteed and designed to be user-friendly for beginners. Certified products are recommended for first-time users.
Choose Appropriate Weight
For beginners, a standard weight (around 140g) Kendama is suitable. Too light makes control difficult, while too heavy increases strain on arms and wrists, so choosing an appropriate weight is important.
Choose a Comfortable Size
While Kendamas come in various sizes, standard size (ken length around 16cm) is suitable for beginners. Consider your hand size and grip comfort when choosing.
Choose a Design with Good Visibility
Selecting a Kendama with two-tone colors or line designs makes it easier to see the ball’s rotation and movement, helping with trick mastery.
Consider these points when selecting your Kendama.
Differences in Kendama Materials and Sizes
It’s important to choose materials and sizes based on intended use, player age, and skill level. Here’s a summary of material and size characteristics:
Types of Materials
Wooden Kendamas are most common, featuring appropriate weight and a comfortable feel. They’re highly durable and can be used long-term. Most official Kendamas are made of wood. On the other hand, plastic Kendamas are lightweight and affordable. They come in colorful designs and are popular among children and beginners. However, they may be less durable than wooden ones.
Size Differences
While Kendamas come in various sizes, standard size is most common and suitable for beginners through advanced players. Competition Kendamas certified by the Japan Kendama Association also conform to standard sizes.
Smaller Kendamas are convenient for carrying and suitable for children with small hands, but tricks may become more difficult, so standard size is recommended for beginners. Larger Kendamas are heavier and typically used by advanced players for practice and performance.
These larger models require more technical skill and strength but enable more dynamic performances. When choosing a Kendama, consider these material and size characteristics to select one that matches your purpose and skill level.
How to Maintain Your Kendama for Long-Term Use
Daily maintenance is important for long-term Kendama enjoyment. Here are some recommended maintenance methods:
Clean After Use
After using your Kendama, wipe off sweat and dirt with a soft, dry cloth. Pay special attention to the ball as its smoothness affects playability.
Avoid Direct Sunlight and High Temperatures
Wooden Kendamas can crack or warp if left in direct sunlight or high-temperature locations for extended periods. Store in a well-ventilated place after use.
Check String Condition
As string deterioration affects Kendama control, regularly check the string’s condition. Consider replacing the string if you notice wear or potential breakage.
Light Polishing When Needed
To maintain wooden Kendamas’ shine, you can apply a small amount of wood care oil and polish with a soft cloth. Be careful not to apply too much, as it can make the surface too slippery.
Proper selection and maintenance will help you enjoy your Kendama for a long time.
Modern Ways to Enjoy Kendama
While Kendama is a traditional toy, it has evolved to include new ways of enjoyment as both a sport and entertainment form in modern times. Here, we’ll introduce the various aspects of Kendama that are gaining attention, from competitions to international popularity.
The World of Competitive Kendama and the Appeal of Tournament Participation
Kendama has evolved beyond a simple toy into a competitive sport. Tournaments are held worldwide, attracting many players who compete in skill-based competitions.
In competitive Kendama, tricks are evaluated based on difficulty and success rate. For example, a common format involves competing to see how many specified tricks can be completed within a time limit. There are also freestyle divisions that evaluate unique combinations of tricks and creativity, expanding the infinite possibilities of Kendama.
Participating in tournaments not only tests skills but also provides opportunities to connect with other players through Kendama. Many beginner-friendly tournaments are held, making it easy to join and expand your Kendama community. The ability to feel personal growth through tournament performances is also a major appeal.
The competitive Kendama scene continues to grow globally. Beyond competing in technical skill and creativity, it’s characterized by international exchange and cultural connections through Kendama.
Kendama Culture’s International Appeal
As a toy originating from Japan, Kendama has gained popularity worldwide. Its uniqueness and competitive nature have captivated many people.
International Competitions
Organizations like the Global Kendama Network host Kendama competitions worldwide. It’s particularly popular in Europe and North America, where many players continue to refine their skills.
Global Expansion of Kendama Brands
Both Japanese and international brands sell stylish and colorful Kendamas, particularly popular among younger generations. The emergence of region-specific designs and materials has made Kendama a medium for cultural exchange.
The Growing Global Interest in Kendama Culture
Kendama, a traditional Japanese toy, has gained significant popularity worldwide. Its unique characteristics and competitive nature have captivated people across the globe.
International Competitions
Organizations like the Global Kendama Network host kendama competitions worldwide. The sport has particularly strong followings in Europe and North America, where many players continually refine their skills.
Global Expansion of Kendama Brands
Both Japanese and international brands are offering stylish and colorful kendamas, attracting particularly strong support from younger generations. Different regions are developing their own unique designs and materials, making kendama an important element of cultural exchange.
Educational and Rehabilitation Applications
Internationally, kendama is increasingly being incorporated into educational settings and rehabilitation programs. It serves as a tool for developing concentration and balance skills, benefiting people of all ages from children to adults.
Modern kendama enjoyment extends beyond individual practice to include competitive events, social media sharing, and international gatherings, opening up new possibilities. Why not try exploring these diverse ways of enjoying kendama?
Kendama as Traditional Craftsmanship | Beauty and Value Created by Master Craftsmen
To truly appreciate kendama’s profound appeal, it’s essential to understand its manufacturing process, materials, and design.
Craftsman-Made Kendama | Fusion of Traditional and Modern Techniques
Hatsukaichi City in Hiroshima Prefecture, known as the “Birthplace of Kendama” and “Holy Land of Kendama,” is where many kendamas are carefully crafted by skilled artisans.
The manufacturing of kendama requires traditional techniques such as woodworking and painting.
Selection of High-Quality Wood
Kendamas are made from woods like beech and cherry, which offer appropriate hardness and durability. Craftsmen carefully check the wood grain patterns and texture, ensuring a finish that conveys the natural warmth of organic materials.
Precision of Handcrafted Processing
The balance and shape of a kendama significantly affect its playability. Craftsmen precisely carve each kendama, finishing them with optimal weight distribution. This results in high-quality kendamas that even beginners can easily handle.
Traditional Painting Techniques and Modern Design
The wood surface features a beautiful glossy finish. Some kendamas incorporate traditional lacquer painting, further enhancing their value as craft pieces. Many modern kendamas also feature contemporary designs and colors, with some people even displaying them as interior decorations.
Japanese Aesthetics in Kendama
Kendama’s simple form strongly reflects Japanese aesthetics. The harmony between “functional beauty” and “playful innovation” makes kendama appealing even as a purely artistic piece. Furthermore, craftsman-made kendamas each have their own character, offering a special experience every time you hold one.
Future Possibilities of Kendama as Craftsmanship
While preserving traditional manufacturing methods, kendama continues to evolve to match contemporary lifestyles. Through international exhibitions and collaborations with overseas brands, kendama has become a symbol of Japanese culture.
Moreover, efforts to promote Japanese traditional craftsmanship through kendama are becoming more active. This cultural and artistic background significantly contributes to kendama’s recognition as more than just a toy.
Summary
While kendama is a traditional Japanese toy with a long history, it now showcases diverse appeal as both a sport and entertainment form. Its simple structure offers both accessibility for beginners and complexity for advanced players, making it popular across all age groups.
Mastering basic kendama techniques opens up new ways to enjoy it, including competitions, trick videos, and international tournaments. With proper selection and maintenance, a kendama can be enjoyed for many years.
Furthermore, kendama has gained worldwide popularity and attention as a symbol of Japanese culture. New possibilities continue to emerge, from global exchange through competitions and video sharing to applications in education and rehabilitation.
Experience the fusion of tradition and modernity through kendama. Its simple yet profound charm is sure to add new color to your daily life.